Flatbed Load Securement Checklist

Per 49 CFR 393.110, cargo must be secured with: at least 1 tie-down for articles 5 feet or less in length and weighing 1,100 lbs or less; 2 tie-downs for articles 5 feet or less exceeding 1,100 lbs or longer than 5 feet but not more than 10 feet; and additional tie-downs at the rate of 1 per additional 10 feet of article length. These are minimums — experienced flatbedders typically exceed them.

It depends on the cargo. Straps (typically 4-inch, 5,400 lb WLL) work well for lumber, manufactured goods, and most palletized freight. Chains (3/8-inch Grade 70, 6,600 lb WLL) are required or preferred for steel, pipe, machinery, and anything with sharp edges that would cut straps. Many loads use a combination of both. Always use edge protectors with straps.

Tight enough that the cargo does not shift, but not so tight that you damage the cargo or the tie-down. For chains, tighten the binder until the chain has minimal slack and sings when you flick it. For straps, ratchet until the strap is taut and the cargo does not move when you push on it. Over-tightening ratchet straps can damage the ratchet mechanism and crush soft cargo.

Securement violations are taken seriously. Minor violations (e.g., one loose strap) result in a citation and CSA points. Major violations (e.g., insufficient number of tie-downs, unsecured cargo) can result in an Out of Service order — you cannot move the truck until the securement is corrected and re-inspected. Severe violations also result in fines of $1,000-$16,000+ and significantly impact your carrier's CSA score.